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linux.com

linux.com is SSL secured

Free website and domain report on linux.com

Last Updated: 16th November, 2022 Update Now
Overview

Snoop Summary for linux.com

This is a free and comprehensive report about linux.com. Linux.com is hosted in United States on a server with an IP address of 23.185.0.3, where the local currency is USD and English is the local language. Linux.com is expected to earn an estimated $17 USD per day from advertising revenue. The sale of linux.com would possibly be worth $12,353 USD. This figure is based on the daily revenue potential of the website over a 24 month period. Linux.com receives an estimated 5,933 unique visitors every day - a huge amount of traffic! This report was last updated 16th November, 2022.

About linux.com

Site Preview: linux.com linux.com
Title: Linux.com - News For Open Source Professionals
Description: Linux.com is the go-to resource for open source professionals to learn about the latest in Linux and open source technology, careers, best practices, and industry trends. Get news, information, and tutorials to help advance your next project or career – or just to simply stay informed.
Keywords and Tags: advocacy, education, ngo, non-profit, reference
Related Terms: credible source, delete directory linux, future of linux exchange, linux mint usb, linux shell, linux system log, linux tips, open life360, open shazam, us open
Fav Icon:
Age: Over 30 years old
Domain Created: 2nd June, 1994
Domain Updated: 18th March, 2021
Domain Expires: 1st June, 2023
Review

Snoop Score

3/5 (Great!)

Valuation

$12,353 USD
Note: All valuation figures are estimates.

Popularity

High
Note: Popularity is estimated.

Rank, Reach and Authority

Alexa Rank: 88,048
Alexa Reach:
SEMrush Rank (US):
SEMrush Authority Score:
Moz Domain Authority: 0
Moz Page Authority: 0

Organic vs Paid (Google Ads)

Traffic

Visitors

Daily Visitors: 5,933
Monthly Visitors: 180,580
Yearly Visitors: 2,165,518
Note: All visitors figures are estimates.

Visitors By Country

Revenue

Revenue

Daily Revenue: $17 USD
Monthly Revenue: $515 USD
Yearly Revenue: $6,172 USD
Note: All revenue figures are estimates.

Revenue By Country

SEO

Backlinks Analysis (SEMrush)

Top New Follow Links

Top Ranking Keywords (US)

Domain Analysis

Value Length
Domain: linux.com 9
Domain Name: linux 5
Extension (TLD): com 3
Expiry Check:

Page Speed Analysis

Average Load Time: 3.03 seconds
Load Time Comparison: Faster than 24% of sites

PageSpeed Insights

Avg. (All Categories) 75
Performance 84
Accessibility 93
Best Practices 83
SEO 92
PWA 22
0–49 (Fail) 50–89 (Average) 90–100 (Pass)
URL: https://www.linux.com/
Updated: 16th November, 2022

2.92 seconds
First Contentful Paint (FCP)
41%
36%
23%

0.00 seconds
First Input Delay (FID)
97%
2%
1%

Simulate loading on desktop
84

Performance

Indicates how well the page is performing and highlights opportunities where performance may be improved for linux.com. This includes details about optimizing page load times which can result in a better user experience.

Metrics

Total Blocking Time — 40 ms
The total blocking time is the sum of all time periods between First Contentful Paint and Time to Interactive (when task length exceeded 50ms).
Cumulative Layout Shift — 0.002
Cumulative Layout Shift is the measurement of visible elements collective movement within the viewport.
View Data

Audits

Max Potential First Input Delay — 80 ms
Users could experience a delay when interacting with the page.
Network Requests
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https://js-agent.newrelic.com/368.2d6a2503-1220.js
h2
2177.6610000525
2192.3489999026
2171
3450
200
application/javascript
Script
https://js-agent.newrelic.com/768.2d6a2503-1220.js
h2
2178.5430000164
2193.8660000451
2952
5591
200
application/javascript
Script
https://js-agent.newrelic.com/775.2d6a2503-1220.js
h2
2179.5530000236
2197.4549998995
1327
1237
200
application/javascript
Script
https://tpc.googlesyndication.com/sodar/sodar2/225/runner.html
h2
2189.616000047
2195.3779999167
5856
12817
200
text/html
Document
https://www.google.com/recaptcha/api2/aframe
h2
2191.439999966
2200.4469998647
1424
783
200
text/html
Document
https://connect.facebook.net/signals/plugins/identity.js?v=2.9.89
h2
2202.903999947
2219.9019999243
21966
65286
200
application/x-javascript
Script
https://connect.facebook.net/signals/config/232741255631043?v=2.9.89&r=stable
h2
2203.4020000137
2241.5769998915
87266
299768
200
application/x-javascript
Script
https://forms.hubspot.com/lead-flows-config/v1/config/json?portalId=8112310&utk=3b1111b5ec6fa8878a9317ae8ed7a800&__hstc=229720963.3b1111b5ec6fa8878a9317ae8ed7a800.1668572287098.1668572287098.1668572287098.1&__hssc=229720963.1.1668572287098&currentUrl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.linux.com%2F
h2
2288.8350000139
2338.6869998649
1581
254
200
application/json
XHR
https://bam.nr-data.net/1/981d6c8a9f?a=176909146&v=1220.PROD&to=ZwZWMhNZXxcFABFaXF5MdQUVUV4KSxMEVFY%3D&rst=2322&ck=0&s=19c5e1f735894bff&ref=https://www.linux.com/&ap=760&be=1165&fe=964&dc=319&perf=%7B%22timing%22:%7B%22of%22:1668572284957,%22n%22:0,%22f%22:127,%22dn%22:127,%22dne%22:127,%22c%22:127,%22ce%22:127,%22rq%22:127,%22rp%22:1131,%22rpe%22:1131,%22dl%22:1141,%22di%22:1484,%22ds%22:1484,%22de%22:1491,%22dc%22:2129,%22l%22:2129,%22le%22:2157%7D,%22navigation%22:%7B%7D%7D&fp=1338&fcp=1338&at=S0FVRFtDTBk%3D&jsonp=NREUM.setToken
http/1.1
2322.4489998538
2549.5249999221
528
49
200
text/javascript
Script
https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/sodar?id=sodar2&v=225&li=gda_r20221110&jk=2410916696628681&rc=
h2
2332.3829998262
2337.6199998893
516
0
204
text/html
Image
https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/bg/HXK1UBO5dJ_nYlUyX89SMP4zFPzfcfFy3F4kBoREzco.js
h2
2336.854999885
2341.262999922
17013
36983
200
text/javascript
Script
https://www.facebook.com/tr/?id=232741255631043&ev=PageView&dl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.linux.com%2F&rl=&if=false&ts=1668572287311&sw=800&sh=600&ud[external_id]=3b1111b5ec6fa8878a9317ae8ed7a800&v=2.9.89&r=stable&a=tmhubspot&ec=0&o=30&fbp=fb.1.1668572287309.128138498&it=1668572287159&coo=false&rqm=GET
h2
2354.6400000341
2370.7679999061
328
0
200
text/plain
Image
https://tpc.googlesyndication.com/generate_204?xNG1Xw
h2
2522.4470000248
2524.9449999537
268
0
204
text/plain
Image
https://www.facebook.com/tr/
2858.1409999169
2860.490999883
0
0
-1
Ping
https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/sodar?id=sodar2&v=225&t=2&li=gda_r20221110&jk=2410916696628681&bg=!AwClAETNAAbvMpMzzzI7ACkAdvg8WsS3M4nlYJ1Fr91erJzok4EQepyBUREj_Orm-Hjn6r3CF1PNUwIAAADpUgAAAApoAQeZAu5ftlTxIRXQp6I-SecO65VF3wpszEVQW2Sddqp-iT2I2KbZ7y5rVoR85qN2Ft1knPjcPjuC7mB9yjSCD2GDq7nEdaL7_cTq_5FlZYImoPFtecHh5Wn8V1YsyDEGjf5QUHaEpuxqNKbFAny9ptwCfGEv7KjUWjs7BVRdCYshYfcU4P_1dJsi_yBFQHZL7E0WcEf4ocO3hXcou2Rco65wuUy_s08rP45RfZ7IZt9auSi_WejZ3pw2VSPsRY01PnDH1a_G3HJB4_1QpW2KFC0OFATaLJqlXMXCldaqpCZvqlMgZdpJxcSNSTbmdSSeB0eh7SFwTsIvOTf2e4lYp03LWM51gq5I8BqPP0WN9LN7sHxE0olc5xj4pxSvRUafG5T21yvCW2pHytpm-f9yM2oDT7oQTDrNPeoZmxYEhtPzI12fZ9A8Rn3569zmZGok7htS_CJlzhhL70Gntn-Qqqus01T-9h2lcKPVnlRelpupD4rzzP-aTDsLX3UOxgZ7emvFbSRSrEjFtO-yDVA8e7lCDYd2lnIeprXupc6dadGHqFFUF_nSIBZ82aBH6fTACqD4QI8WNU1SJ-y7E3k2n599CLEEnRBlt9ZbePINUAQ1uT1Li6hEtvSjNGcBRteAdmoqIEIRBT17tOGoYGvnE6JyfN1uSb-EYUxLZ8-xv9zGEIGXJMq51WltNsukgXwVCvdyy4PObv6Y4c_Lg5DPZwZ4FAJJYw2c2kj59MhCDAjGdfzl3XM-RBTX5yR4q0ml7Aj-jZ2rMzbrgMkhayaCcxpPoIFuvwl1Vb08o3WwNkLFjdFmdeUj96e6gdXgdyAOgJrLi_0upJ2TMijmyes0BtS7Vfe7n5nEJ0p5jAiburi9KLf63-U75Nah_9uCJ6lv4FwNQ4ki8Y_uFoMFjDF4b6x0Ciumv5c5IDVBAWcU3tipPRnlsTOnD-Hx6aSEi2VfgTFX50uOWL_DjUCR5MRTc6wie7wVkbzG3FsFvVbOpIxgjJQ
h2
3121.7449998949
3129.2319998611
516
0
204
text/html
Image
Network Round Trip Times — 0 ms
High Network RTT (Round Trip Times) can have a large impact on performance. Providing servers geographically closer to the user could improve performance.
Server Backend Latencies — 0 ms
High server latencies indicate the server is overloaded or has a poor backend performance.
Tasks
Below is a list of the top-level main thread tasks that executed during page load.
Start Time (Ms) End Time (Ms)
1137.682
18.264
1156.251
62.918
1221.912
5.802
1241.833
13.587
1255.478
15.112
1271.442
6.967
1279.382
36.76
1321.176
8.696
1333.608
14.024
1355.254
30.001
1389.124
12.665
1403.116
14.792
1421.963
15.007
1437.367
40.687
1483.61
7.641
1494.248
5.303
1517.371
8.993
1527.7
7.964
1540.068
10.023
1558.075
17.728
1575.857
23.332
1599.228
5.238
1604.512
24.377
1628.937
37.689
1667.579
5.238
1680.215
7.012
1687.243
19.225
1744.46
64.925
1810.066
15.736
1839.634
7.644
1997.36
17.071
2129.009
39.008
2173.69
7.607
2184.072
7.172
2192.23
12.42
2206.537
83.284
2290.563
7.549
2298.602
7.1
2318.831
5.773
2324.642
6.554
2338.251
17.224
2358.237
21.048
2381.162
12.779
2393.974
15.606
2416.261
13.759
2431.093
22.044
2453.643
15.58
2475.91
19.314
2495.254
9.152
2505.302
17.916
2524.126
21.157
2545.523
12.93
2559.666
13.415
2576.9
19.211
2596.154
7.928
2854.669
5.526
3105.458
12.027
Diagnostics
Below is a collection of useful page vitals.
View Data
Metrics
Below is a collection of metrics.
View Data
Script Treemap Data
Provide as required, for treemap app.

Other

Properly size images
Images can slow down the page's load time. Linux.com should consider serving more appropriate-sized images.
Defer offscreen images
Time to Interactive can be slowed down by resources on the page. Linux.com should consider lazy-loading offscreen and hidden images.
Minify CSS — Potential savings of 36 KiB
Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) files can contribute to network payload sizes. Linux.com should consider minifying CSS files.
URL Transfer Size (Bytes) Potential Savings (Bytes)
https://www.linux.com/wp-content/plugins/td-standard-pack/Newspaper/assets/css/td_standard_pack_main.css?ver=48767bfdc5698c9103b4ef9b700012fd
94464
20648
https://www.linux.com/wp-content/themes/Newspaper/style.css?ver=12.1
33656
9418
https://www.linux.com/wp-content/plugins/td-composer/legacy/Newspaper/assets/css/td_legacy_main.css?ver=e815948e5c9ec5801de67b92a1d5a59fx
32926
6390
Minify JavaScript
JavaScript (JS) files can contribute to network payload sizes and increase script parse times. Linux.com should consider minifying JS files.
Efficiently encode images
Unoptimized images can consume more cellular data than what is necessary.
Serve images in next-gen formats
Consider JPEG 2000, JPEG XR or WebP image formats which provide better compression than PNG and JPEG.
Enable text compression
Text-based resources should be served with compression, such as gzip, deflate or brotli.
Preconnect to required origins
Resource hints, such as 'preconnect' or 'dns-prefetch', may assist in establishing early connections to important third-party origins.
Preload key requests
Key requests can be preloaded by using '<link rel=preload>'. Linux.com should consider using '<link rel=preload>' to prioritize fetching resources that are currently requested later in page load.
Use video formats for animated content
Large GIFs are inefficient for delivering animated content. It is recommended to use MPEG4/WebM videos for animations and PNG/WebP for static images instead of GIF.
Remove duplicate modules in JavaScript bundles
Ensure that no duplicate JavaScript modules from bundles exist to reduce bytes consumed by network activity.
Avoid serving legacy JavaScript to modern browsers — Potential savings of 28 KiB
Polyfills and transforms enable legacy browsers to use new JavaScript features. For bundled JavaScript it is recommended to adopt a modern script deployment strategy using module/nomodule feature detection. This will reduce the amount of code shipped to modern browsers.
URL Potential Savings (Bytes)
https://connect.facebook.net/signals/plugins/identity.js?v=2.9.89
13073
https://connect.facebook.net/signals/config/232741255631043?v=2.9.89&r=stable
11341
https://js.hsleadflows.net/leadflows.js
3670
https://snap.licdn.com/li.lms-analytics/insight.min.js
63
https://connect.facebook.net/en_US/fbevents.js
45
Preload Largest Contentful Paint image
It is recommended to preload images used by LCP elements, to improve LCP time.
URL Potential Savings (Ms)
https://www.linux.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/LFX-cAiTzf.gif
0
Avoids enormous network payloads — Total size was 1,316 KiB
Large network payloads can cost users money and are linked to long load times.
URL Transfer Size (Bytes)
https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/managed/js/adsense/m202211100101/show_ads_impl_fy2021.js
120325
https://www.linux.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/LFX-cAiTzf.gif
99892
https://www.linux.com/wp-content/plugins/td-standard-pack/Newspaper/assets/css/td_standard_pack_main.css?ver=48767bfdc5698c9103b4ef9b700012fd
94464
https://js.hsleadflows.net/leadflows.js
90547
https://www.linux.com/wp-content/plugins/td-composer/legacy/Newspaper/js/tagdiv_theme.min.js?ver=12.1
89083
https://connect.facebook.net/signals/config/232741255631043?v=2.9.89&r=stable
87266
https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id=GTM-NXGNZW
65497
https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/adsbygoogle.js
55693
https://www.linux.com/wp-content/plugins/td-cloud-library/assets/js/js_files_for_front.min.js?ver=87b3292f51aec51c00e6ce7db9b73ed1
48336
https://www.linux.com/
40893
Avoids an excessive DOM size — 599 elements
A large DOM (Document Object Model) will increase memory usage, cause longer system calculations as well as costly layout reflows.
Statistic Element Value
Total DOM Elements
599
Maximum DOM Depth
August 23, 2022
20
Maximum Child Elements
body.home
25
Avoid chaining critical requests — 19 chains found
Below is a list of Critical Request Chains, which shows which resources are loaded with a high priority. Linux.com should consider reducing the length of chains, reducing the download size of resources, or deferring the download of unnecessary resources to improve page load.
User Timing marks and measures — 1 user timing
Make use of the User Timing API to measure an app's real-world performance during key user experiences.
Name Type Start Time (Ms) Duration (Ms)
embed-script-start-pre-delay
Mark
1564.737
JavaScript execution time — 0.5 s
JavaScript (JS) execution time can be lowered by reducing the time required for parsing, compiling and executing JS. Delivering smaller JS payloads may help with this.
URL Total CPU Time (Ms) Script Evaluation (Ms) Script Parse (Ms)
https://www.linux.com/
230.308
70.935
5.399
https://tpc.googlesyndication.com/sodar/sodar2/225/runner.html
218.011
207.139
2.217
Unattributable
117.979
1.929
0
https://js.hsleadflows.net/leadflows.js
108.435
94.445
13.038
https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/managed/js/adsense/m202211100101/show_ads_impl_fy2021.js
70.623
59.146
6.816
https://www.linux.com/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery.min.js?ver=3.6.1
67.995
53.754
1.925
Minimizes main-thread work — 1.2 s
Main-thread work timing can be lowered by reducing the time required for parsing, compiling and executing JS. Delivering smaller JS payloads may help with this.
Category Time Spent (Ms)
Script Evaluation
768.706
Other
141.306
Style & Layout
124.871
Script Parsing & Compilation
72.057
Parse HTML & CSS
44.779
Garbage Collection
38.473
Rendering
17.731
All text remains visible during webfont loads
Make use of the font-display CSS feature, which will ensure text is user-visible while webfonts are loading.
Keep request counts low and transfer sizes small — 84 requests • 1,316 KiB
It is advised to add a budgets.json file in order to set budgets for the quantity and size of page resources.
Resource Type Requests Transfer Size (Bytes)
Total
84
1347659
Script
35
829319
Stylesheet
8
182275
Font
6
143178
Image
12
110546
Document
5
54035
Other
18
28306
Media
0
0
Third-party
61
754928
Minimize third-party usage — Third-party code blocked the main thread for 30 ms
It is advised to either limit, remove or delay the loading of redundant third-party code which may be significantly impacting load performance.
Third-Party Transfer Size (Bytes) Main-Thread Blocking Time (Ms)
SHOW DETAILS
148195
32.889
SHOW DETAILS
227110
0
SHOW DETAILS
138127
0
SHOW DETAILS
77963
0
SHOW DETAILS
65497
0
SHOW DETAILS
21276
0
SHOW DETAILS
17687
0
SHOW DETAILS
10250
0
SHOW DETAILS
2097
0
Lazy load third-party resources with facades
Consider replacing third-party embeds with a facade until they are required (use lazy loading).
Largest Contentful Paint element — 1 element found
The element which was identified as the Largest Contentful Paint.
Element
div.td-module-container > div.td-module-thumb > a.td-image-wrap > span.entry-thumb
Largest Contentful Paint image was not lazily loaded
Above-the-fold images that are lazily loaded render later in the page lifecycle, which can delay the largest contentful paint.
Element
div.td-module-container > div.td-module-thumb > a.td-image-wrap > span.entry-thumb
Avoid large layout shifts — 1 element found
Below is a list of all DOM elements that contribute to the CLS of the page.
Element CLS Contribution
TOPIC AUDIENCE RESOURCES ABOUT US
0.0018375682222806
Uses passive listeners to improve scrolling performance
Improve the page's scroll performance by marking touch and wheel event listeners as 'passive'.
Avoids `document.write()`
Avoid or limit the use of external scripts that are dynamically injected via 'document.write()' as users on slow connections will be delayed by tens of seconds.
Avoid long main-thread tasks — 3 long tasks found
Below is a list of the longest tasks on the main thread, which is useful when identifying the worst input delay contributors.
URL Start Time (Ms) Duration (Ms)
https://js.hsleadflows.net/leadflows.js
1550
83
https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/managed/js/adsense/m202211100101/show_ads_impl_fy2021.js
2856
65
https://www.linux.com/
628
63
Avoid non-composited animations
It is recommended to avoid non-composited animations which are often janky and increase CLS.
Image elements have explicit `width` and `height`
Reduce layout shifts and improve CLS by setting explicit width and height properties on image elements.
Has a `<meta name="viewport">` tag with `width` or `initial-scale`
It is advised to use a '<meta name="viewport">' tag for the optimization of linux.com on mobile screens.

Budgets

Performance budget
It is advised to keep the quantity and size of all network requests under the targets set by the provided performance budget.
Timing budget
It is advised to set a timing budget to monitor the performance of your site.

Metrics

First Contentful Paint — 1.2 s
The time taken for the first image or text on the page to be rendered.
Time to Interactive — 2.8 s
The time taken for the page to become fully interactive.
Speed Index — 1.9 s
The time taken for the page contents to be visibly populated.
Largest Contentful Paint — 1.9 s
The timing of the largest text or image that is painted.

Audits

First Meaningful Paint — 1.3 s
The time taken for the primary content of the page to be rendered.

Other

Eliminate render-blocking resources — Potential savings of 480 ms
Resources, such as JavaScript and style sheets, can block the first paint of the page. Linux.com should consider delivering critical JavaScript/style sheets (JS/CSS) inline and deferring all non-critical JS/CSS.
URL Transfer Size (Bytes) Potential Savings (Ms)
https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Open+Sans%3A400%2C600%2C700%7CRoboto%3A400%2C500%2C700&display=swap&ver=12.1
1740
230
https://www.linux.com/wp-content/themes/Newspaper/style.css?ver=12.1
33656
120
https://www.linux.com/wp-content/plugins/td-standard-pack/Newspaper/assets/css/td_standard_pack_main.css?ver=48767bfdc5698c9103b4ef9b700012fd
94464
160
Reduce unused CSS — Potential savings of 152 KiB
Dead and/or unused rules in Style Sheets (CSS) can contribute to network payload sizes. Linux.com should consider removing dead rules from style sheets and deferring the loading of CSS not used for above-the-fold content.
URL Transfer Size (Bytes) Potential Savings (Bytes)
https://www.linux.com/wp-content/plugins/td-standard-pack/Newspaper/assets/css/td_standard_pack_main.css?ver=48767bfdc5698c9103b4ef9b700012fd
94464
93771
https://www.linux.com/wp-content/plugins/td-composer/legacy/Newspaper/assets/css/td_legacy_main.css?ver=e815948e5c9ec5801de67b92a1d5a59fx
32926
31909
https://www.linux.com/wp-content/themes/Newspaper/style.css?ver=12.1
33656
29707
Reduce unused JavaScript — Potential savings of 360 KiB
It is advised to remove unused JavaScript in order to reduce bytes consumed by network activity.
URL Transfer Size (Bytes) Potential Savings (Bytes)
https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/managed/js/adsense/m202211100101/show_ads_impl_fy2021.js
120325
81842
https://connect.facebook.net/signals/config/232741255631043?v=2.9.89&r=stable
87266
76989
https://www.linux.com/wp-content/plugins/td-composer/legacy/Newspaper/js/tagdiv_theme.min.js?ver=12.1
89083
70927
https://js.hsleadflows.net/leadflows.js
90547
40270
https://www.linux.com/wp-content/plugins/td-cloud-library/assets/js/js_files_for_front.min.js?ver=87b3292f51aec51c00e6ce7db9b73ed1
48336
39554
https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/adsbygoogle.js
55693
29358
https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id=GTM-NXGNZW
65497
29251
Avoid multiple page redirects — Potential savings of 340 ms
Redirects can cause additional delays before the page can begin loading. Linux.com should avoid multiple or unnecessary page redirects.
URL Time Spent (Ms)
http://linux.com/
190
https://linux.com/
150
https://www.linux.com/
0

Other

Reduce initial server response time — Root document took 1,000 ms
It is advised to keep the server response time short for the main document, because all other requests depend on it.
URL Time Spent (Ms)
https://www.linux.com/
1004.213
Serve static assets with an efficient cache policy — 19 resources found
Linux.com can speed up repeat visits by increasing the cache lifetime, which is essentially how long before a cached copy expires.
URL Cache TTL (Ms) Transfer Size (Bytes)
https://bam.nr-data.net/1/981d6c8a9f?a=176909146&v=1220.PROD&to=ZwZWMhNZXxcFABFaXF5MdQUVUV4KSxMEVFY%3D&rst=2322&ck=0&s=19c5e1f735894bff&ref=https://www.linux.com/&ap=760&be=1165&fe=964&dc=319&perf=%7B%22timing%22:%7B%22of%22:1668572284957,%22n%22:0,%22f%22:127,%22dn%22:127,%22dne%22:127,%22c%22:127,%22ce%22:127,%22rq%22:127,%22rp%22:1131,%22rpe%22:1131,%22dl%22:1141,%22di%22:1484,%22ds%22:1484,%22de%22:1491,%22dc%22:2129,%22l%22:2129,%22le%22:2157%7D,%22navigation%22:%7B%7D%7D&fp=1338&fcp=1338&at=S0FVRFtDTBk%3D&jsonp=NREUM.setToken
0
528
https://p.adsymptotic.com/d/px/?_pid=16218&_psign=0aa5badf92527f7732e22463d6fa4dbc&coopa=0&gdpr=0&gdpr_consent=&_puuid=83943ffa-a672-46ff-aa51-a5f8aa0d9bd0&_expected_cookie=e80eaef0e03dad6abb9c1fa4e42bc37a
0
399
https://www.facebook.com/tr/?id=232741255631043&ev=PageView&dl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.linux.com%2F&rl=&if=false&ts=1668572287311&sw=800&sh=600&ud[external_id]=3b1111b5ec6fa8878a9317ae8ed7a800&v=2.9.89&r=stable&a=tmhubspot&ec=0&o=30&fbp=fb.1.1668572287309.128138498&it=1668572287159&coo=false&rqm=GET
0
328
https://js.hs-scripts.com/8112310.js
60000
1210
https://js.hs-scripts.com/8112310.js?integration=WordPress&ver=9.0.338
60000
1210
https://js.hs-analytics.net/analytics/1668572100000/8112310.js
300000
21327
https://js.hs-banner.com/8112310.js
300000
17756
https://js.usemessages.com/conversations-embed.js
600000
21689
https://js.hsadspixel.net/fb.js
600000
3598
https://connect.facebook.net/signals/config/232741255631043?v=2.9.89&r=stable
1200000
87266
https://connect.facebook.net/en_US/fbevents.js
1200000
28567
https://connect.facebook.net/signals/plugins/identity.js?v=2.9.89
1200000
21966
https://www.google-analytics.com/analytics.js
7200000
20664
https://js-agent.newrelic.com/552.2d6a2503-1220.js
7200000
6589
https://js-agent.newrelic.com/290.2d6a2503-1220.js
7200000
4120
https://js-agent.newrelic.com/768.2d6a2503-1220.js
7200000
2952
https://js-agent.newrelic.com/368.2d6a2503-1220.js
7200000
2171
https://js-agent.newrelic.com/775.2d6a2503-1220.js
7200000
1327
https://snap.licdn.com/li.lms-analytics/insight.min.js
80785000
4815
Registers an `unload` listener
The 'unload' event does not fire reliably, causing issues with browser optimizations such as the Back-Forward Cache. It is recommended that 'pagehide' or 'visibilitychange' events are used instead.
Source
SHOW DETAILS
93

Accessibility

Indicates how accessible the page is and highlights opportunities where the page can be made more accessible to users of linux.com. This includes details about various page attributes that can be optimized.

Navigation

`[accesskey]` values are unique
Access keys assist users with focusing on different parts of the page. Each access key should be unique for proper navigation.
The page contains a heading, skip link, or landmark region
It is advised to provide ways to bypass repetitive content, allowing users to navigate the page efficiently.
`[id]` attributes on active, focusable elements are unique
Ensure all focusable elements have a unique id value to allow them to be visible to users of assistive technologies, like a screen reader.
No element has a `[tabindex]` value greater than 0
Although technically valid, a tabindex value greater than 0 often creates frustrating experiences for users who rely on assistive technologies.

ARIA

`[aria-*]` attributes match their roles
Avoid mismatching 'aria-*' attributes and their 'role' value, as it invalidates the attribute.
`button`, `link`, and `menuitem` elements have accessible names
Without accessible names on elements, screen readers will default to announcing a generic name, which means your content will be less accessible to users who rely on screen readers.
`[aria-hidden="true"]` is not present on the document `<body>`
If aria-hidden=true is set on the document body, assistive technologies, like a screen reader will work inconsistently.
`[aria-hidden="true"]` elements do not contain focusable descendents
Interactive elements within an aria-hidden=true element are unavailable to users of assistive technologies, like a screen reader.
ARIA input fields have accessible names
Generic names are announced to users of assistive technologies, like a screen reader, when an input field does not have an accessible name specified.
ARIA `meter` elements have accessible names
Without accessible names on elements, screen readers will default to announcing a generic name, which means your content will be less accessible to users who rely on screen readers.
ARIA `progressbar` elements have accessible names
Without accessible names on elements, screen readers will default to announcing a generic name, which means your content will be less accessible to users who rely on screen readers.
`[role]`s have all required `[aria-*]` attributes
Some ARIA roles have required 'aria-*' attributes, which provide essential information about state and functionality.
Elements with an ARIA `[role]` that require children to contain a specific `[role]` have all required children.
Some ARIA parent roles cannot perform their intended functions if specific child roles are not used.
`[role]`s are contained by their required parent element
Some ARIA child roles cannot perform their intended functions if specific parent roles are not used.
`[role]` values are valid
All ARIA roles require valid values to perform their intended functions.
ARIA toggle fields have accessible names
Generic names are announced to users of assistive technologies, like a screen reader, when a toggle field does not have an accessible name specified.
ARIA `tooltip` elements have accessible names
Without accessible names on elements, screen readers will default to announcing a generic name, which means your content will be less accessible to users who rely on screen readers.
ARIA `treeitem` elements have accessible names
Without accessible names on elements, screen readers will default to announcing a generic name, which means your content will be less accessible to users who rely on screen readers.
`[aria-*]` attributes have valid values
ARIA attributes cannot be interpreted with invalid values when used by screen readers and other assistive technologies.
`[aria-*]` attributes are valid and not misspelled
ARIA attributes cannot be interpreted with invalid names when used by screen readers and other assistive technologies.
ARIA IDs are unique
Ensure all ARIA ID values are unique to prevent elements from being overlooked by assistive technologies, like a screen reader.

Names and labels

Buttons have an accessible name
Buttons become unusable as they are announced simply as "button" when the button does not have an accessible name, when used by screen readers and other assistive technologies.
Document has a `<title>` element
Search engines, screen reader users and other assistive technology users rely on the title to provide an overview of the page and to help determine if the page is relevant to their search.
No form fields have multiple labels
Having multiple labels for form fields can be confusing to assistive technologies, like a screen reader.
`<frame>` or `<iframe>` elements have a title
Screen reader users and other assistive technology users rely on frame titles to describe the contents of frames.
Image elements have `[alt]` attributes
Provide short and descriptive alternative text where possible on informative elements.
`<input type="image">` elements have `[alt]` text
Input buttons with alternative text assist screen readers and other assistive technology users to understand its purpose.
Form elements have associated labels
Screen readers and other assistive technologies rely on labels to properly announce form controls.
`<object>` elements have alternate text
It is advised that alt text is used on '<object>' elements in order to provide meaning to screen reader and other assistive technology users, as these technologies are unable to translate non-text content.

Tables and lists

`<dl>`'s contain only properly-ordered `<dt>` and `<dd>` groups, `<script>`, `<template>` or `<div>` elements.
Screen readers and other assistive technologies may produce poor and inaccurate output when definition lists are not properly marked up.
Definition list items are wrapped in `<dl>` elements
In order for screen readers and other assistive technologies to properly announce definition list items ('<dt>' and '<dd>'), they must be wrapped in parent a '<dl>' element.
Lists contain only `<li>` elements and script supporting elements (`<script>` and `<template>`).
Use proper list structure to aid screen readers and other assistive technologies.
List items (`<li>`) are contained within `<ul>` or `<ol>` parent elements
In order for screen readers to announce list items, ensure that list items ('<li>') are contained within parent '<ul>' or '<ol>' tags.
Cells in a `<table>` element that use the `[headers]` attribute refer to table cells within the same table.
Screen readers and other assistive technologies have features to make navigating tables easier. Ensure that '<td>' cells using the headers attribute only refer to other cells in the same table, to improve screen reader user experience.
`<th>` elements and elements with `[role="columnheader"/"rowheader"]` have data cells they describe.
Screen readers and other assistive technologies have features to make navigating tables easier. Ensure that table headers refer to some set of cells, to improve screen reader user experience.

Internationalization and localization

`<html>` element has a `[lang]` attribute
It is advised to provide a lang attribute so that screen readers and other assistive technologies are guaranteed to announce the page's text correctly. When not provided, the user's default language setting will be used which may cause inaccuracies.
`<html>` element has a valid value for its `[lang]` attribute
Specify a valid BCP 47 language in order to help screen readers and other assistive technologies announce text properly.
`[lang]` attributes have a valid value
Specify a valid BCP 47 language on elements in order to help screen readers and other assistive technologies announce text properly.

Best practices

The document does not use `<meta http-equiv="refresh">`
Pages that refresh automatically cause a poor user experience as focus is directed back to the top of the page unexpectedly.
`[user-scalable="no"]` is not used in the `<meta name="viewport">` element and the `[maximum-scale]` attribute is not less than 5.
For users with low vision who rely on screen magnification, ensure that zooming is not disabled.

Audio and video

`<video>` elements contain a `<track>` element with `[kind="captions"]`
Linux.com may provide assistance to deaf or hearing-impaired users with captions on videos.

Contrast

Background and foreground colors do not have a sufficient contrast ratio.
Many (if not most) users find low-contrast text difficult or impossible to read.
Failing Elements
TOPIC
AUDIENCE
RESOURCES
ABOUT US
training and certification offerings
upcoming virtual experience events
Featured News
Linux Foundation
System Administration + Linux Kernel

Navigation

Heading elements are not in a sequentially-descending order
Properly order all headers and do not skip heading levels to better the navigation and readability for users of assistive technologies, like a screen reader.
Failing Elements
Elevate Your Organization’s Open Source Strategy

Names and labels

Links do not have a discernible name
In order to improve the navigation for screen reader and other assistive technology users, use link text that is unique, focusable and discernible.

Manual Checks

The page has a logical tab order
The visual layout should be logical in its tab order and users cannot focus elements that are offscreen.
Interactive controls are keyboard focusable
Ensure that custom interactive controls are keyboard focusable and that a focus indicator is displayed.
Interactive elements indicate their purpose and state
Ensure that interactive elements (such as links and buttons) are distinguishable from non-interactive elements and that they indicate their state.
The user's focus is directed to new content added to the page
When new content (such as a dialogue) is added to the page, the user's focus should be directed to it.
User focus is not accidentally trapped in a region
Avoid focus being accidentally trapped when a user tabs in and out of controls or regions on page.
Custom controls have associated labels
Ensure that custom interactive controls have associated labels, which are provided by aria-label and aria-labelledby attributes.
Custom controls have ARIA roles
Ensure that all custom interactive controls have appropriate ARIA roles.
Visual order on the page follows DOM order
Ensure that the DOM order matches with the page's visual order, in order to improve navigation for screen readers and other assistive technologies.
Offscreen content is hidden from assistive technology
Ensure that offscreen content is hidden through the use of "display:none" styling or the aria-hidden attribute.
HTML5 landmark elements are used to improve navigation
Elements such as <main> and <nav> are recommended as they are used by screen readers and other assistive technologies to improve keyboard navigation.
83

Best Practices

Indicates the recommended, best practices currently in place on the page and highlights the best practices that linux.com should incorporate. This includes practices such as protecting pages with HTTPS.

Audits

Avoids requesting the geolocation permission on page load
When requesting a user's location, provide context or consider tying the request to a user action to avoid confusion and mistrust from users.
Avoids requesting the notification permission on page load
When requesting permission to send notifications, provide context or consider tying the request to a user action to avoid confusion and mistrust from users.
Avoids front-end JavaScript libraries with known security vulnerabilities
Ensure that the use of third-party scripts is minimal and that only trusted third-party scripts are used as some may contain known security vulnerabilities which may be exploited by attackers.
Ensure CSP is effective against XSS attacks
Significantly reduce the risk of cross-site scripting attacks (XSS) by ensuring you have a strong Content Security Policy (CSP).
Description Directive Severity
No CSP found in enforcement mode
High

Audits

Allows users to paste into password fields
Ensure that password inputs may be pasted into to aid in the user's ability to use password managers and improve security.
Displays images with correct aspect ratio
Ensure that image display dimensions match their natural aspect ratio.
Serves images with appropriate resolution
For maximum image clarity, ensure images have natural dimensions and are proportional to the display size and pixel ratio.
Fonts with `font-display: optional` are preloaded
It is recommended that optional fonts are preloaded.

Audits

Page has the HTML doctype
Ensure a doctype is specified to prevent the browser from switching to quirks-mode.
Properly defines charset
It is advised to declare a character encoding, optionally via a <meta> tag in the first 1024 bytes of the HTML or in the Content-Type HTTP response header.

Audits

Detected JavaScript libraries
Below is a list of all front-end JavaScript libraries that were detected on the page.
Name Version
jQuery
3.6.1
Underscore
1.13.6
Hammer.js
2.0.8
WordPress
6.1
core-js
core-js-global@3.0.1; core-js-pure@3.0.0
No browser errors logged to the console
Below is a list of all errors logged to the console, which indicate unresolved problems on the site.
Page has valid source maps
Consider deploying source maps for added benefits such as the ability to debug while in production.
URL Map URL
https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/bg/HXK1UBO5dJ_nYlUyX89SMP4zFPzfcfFy3F4kBoREzco.js
https://js.usemessages.com/conversations-embed.js
https://js.usemessages.com/project.js.map
https://js.hscollectedforms.net/collectedforms.js
https://js.hscollectedforms.net/project.js.map
https://js.hsadspixel.net/fb.js
https://js.hsadspixel.net/pixels-release.js.map
https://js-agent.newrelic.com/775.2d6a2503-1220.js
https://js-agent.newrelic.com/775.2d6a2503.map
https://js-agent.newrelic.com/768.2d6a2503-1220.js
https://js-agent.newrelic.com/768.2d6a2503.map
https://js-agent.newrelic.com/552.2d6a2503-1220.js
https://js-agent.newrelic.com/552.2d6a2503.map
https://js-agent.newrelic.com/368.2d6a2503-1220.js
https://js-agent.newrelic.com/368.2d6a2503.map
https://js-agent.newrelic.com/290.2d6a2503-1220.js
https://js-agent.newrelic.com/290.2d6a2503.map
No issues in the `Issues` panel in Chrome Devtools
There may be unresolved issues logged to Chrome Devtools.

Audits

Does not use HTTPS — 1 insecure request found
Ensure that all pages are protected with HTTPS (including those that do not handle sensitive data) as HTTPS prevents tampering and passive listening on communications between the app and its users. Additionally, HTTPS is a prerequisite for HTTP/2 and many new web platform APIs.
Insecure URL Request Resolution
http://linux.com/
Allowed

Audits

Uses deprecated APIs — 1 warning found
Avoid deprecated APIs which will eventually be removed the browser.
Deprecation / Warning Source
...
SHOW DETAILS
92

SEO

Indicates how well the page is optimized for ranking in search engines and highlights Search Engine Optimization (SEO) opportunities for linux.com. This includes optimizations such as providing meta data.

Mobile Friendly

Has a `<meta name="viewport">` tag with `width` or `initial-scale`
It is advised to use a '<meta name="viewport">' tag for the optimization of linux.com on mobile screens.
Document uses legible font sizes
Font sizes of 12px or less are too small to most mobile users without user gestures and further action. Aim for more than 60% of page text to use font sizes greater than 12px.
Tap targets are sized appropriately
Interactive elements (such as buttons and links) should be appropriately spaced, sized and easy enough to select or tap with regard to their surrounding elements.

Content Best Practices

Document has a `<title>` element
Search engines, screen reader users and other assistive technology users rely on the title to provide an overview of the page and to help determine if the page is relevant to their search.
Document has a meta description
Meta descriptions may be used by search engines when displaying a link to the page and should concisely summarize the page's content.
Image elements have `[alt]` attributes
Provide short and descriptive alternative text where possible on informative elements.
Document has a valid `hreflang`
Search engines can be instructed to list specific versions of a page for a given language or region through the use of hreflang links.
Document has a valid `rel=canonical`
Search engines can be suggested which URL should be shown in search results through the use of canonical links.
Document avoids plugins
The content of plugins cannot be indexed by search engines and many devices either restrict or do not support them.

Crawling and Indexing

Page has successful HTTP status code
Avoid pages with unsuccessful HTTP status codes as they may not be indexed by search engines.
Links are crawlable
Ensure that the 'href' attribute of anchor elements links to the appropriate destination. This allows for more pages of the site to be discovered by search engines.
Page isn’t blocked from indexing
Pages that cannot be crawled by search engines cannot be indexed or included in their search results. Ensure that search engines have permission to crawl all pages that should be indexed.
robots.txt is valid
Malformed robots.txt files prevent crawlers from understanding how a site wants to be crawled or indexed, which can be devastating to SEO.

Content Best Practices

Links do not have descriptive text — 1 link found
Make use of descriptive link text to assist search engines in understanding the content.

Manual Checks

Structured data is valid
Structured data can be validated through the use of the Structured Data Testing Tool and the Structured Data Linter.
22

PWA

Indicates how valid the aspects of a Progressive Web App (PWA) are for the page and highlights opportunities to enable/improve the PWA of linux.com. This includes details about web app manifests.

PWA Optimized

Content is sized correctly for the viewport
Ensure that the width of the app's content matches the width of the viewport, otherwise the app might not be optimized for mobile screens.
Has a `<meta name="viewport">` tag with `width` or `initial-scale`
It is advised to use a '<meta name="viewport">' tag for the optimization of linux.com on mobile screens.

Installable

Web app manifest or service worker do not meet the installability requirements — 1 reason
User engagement may be increased by leveraging the browsers ability to proactively prompt users to add the app to their homescreen.
Failure reason
No manifest was fetched

PWA Optimized

Does not register a service worker that controls page and `start_url`
A service worker is used to provide Progressive Web Apps the use of features such as working offline, the ability for the app to be added to the homescreen as well as push notifications.
Is not configured for a custom splash screen
Themed splash screens ensure a high-quality user experience at launch for app users.
View Data
Does not set a theme color for the address bar.
A theme may be applied to the browser address bar, which ideally can be made to match the site.
View Data
Does not provide a valid `apple-touch-icon`
iOS users of Progressive Web Apps will benefit from an apple touch icon, which can be defined with 'apple-touch-icon', which must point to a non-transparent 192px (or 180px) square PNG.
Manifest doesn't have a maskable icon
Maskable icons are great to ensure that images fill the entire shape when installing the app on a device.

Manual Checks

Site works cross-browser
Ensure that the Progressive Web App works correctly across every major browser.
Page transitions don't feel like they block on the network
Users perceive apps with responsive, snappy transitions as higher peforming and ensures a great user experience, even on a slow network.
Each page has a URL
Ensure that all pages are deep linkable via URL. They should also be unique for the purpose of shareability on social media.
Avg. (All Categories) 67
Performance 38
Accessibility 93
Best Practices 83
SEO 92
PWA 30
0–49 (Fail) 50–89 (Average) 90–100 (Pass)
URL: https://www.linux.com/
Updated: 16th November, 2022

3.56 seconds
First Contentful Paint (FCP)
28%
35%
37%

0.02 seconds
First Input Delay (FID)
93%
5%
2%

Simulate loading on mobile
38

Performance

Indicates how well the page is performing and highlights opportunities where performance may be improved for linux.com. This includes details about optimizing page load times which can result in a better user experience.

Metrics

Cumulative Layout Shift — 0
Cumulative Layout Shift is the measurement of visible elements collective movement within the viewport.
View Data

Other

Properly size images
Images can slow down the page's load time. Linux.com should consider serving more appropriate-sized images.
Defer offscreen images
Time to Interactive can be slowed down by resources on the page. Linux.com should consider lazy-loading offscreen and hidden images.
Minify JavaScript
JavaScript (JS) files can contribute to network payload sizes and increase script parse times. Linux.com should consider minifying JS files.
Efficiently encode images
Unoptimized images can consume more cellular data than what is necessary.
Serve images in next-gen formats
Consider JPEG 2000, JPEG XR or WebP image formats which provide better compression than PNG and JPEG.
Enable text compression
Text-based resources should be served with compression, such as gzip, deflate or brotli.
Preconnect to required origins
Resource hints, such as 'preconnect' or 'dns-prefetch', may assist in establishing early connections to important third-party origins.
Preload key requests
Key requests can be preloaded by using '<link rel=preload>'. Linux.com should consider using '<link rel=preload>' to prioritize fetching resources that are currently requested later in page load.
Use video formats for animated content
Large GIFs are inefficient for delivering animated content. It is recommended to use MPEG4/WebM videos for animations and PNG/WebP for static images instead of GIF.
Remove duplicate modules in JavaScript bundles
Ensure that no duplicate JavaScript modules from bundles exist to reduce bytes consumed by network activity.
Avoid serving legacy JavaScript to modern browsers — Potential savings of 28 KiB
Polyfills and transforms enable legacy browsers to use new JavaScript features. For bundled JavaScript it is recommended to adopt a modern script deployment strategy using module/nomodule feature detection. This will reduce the amount of code shipped to modern browsers.
URL Potential Savings (Bytes)
https://connect.facebook.net/signals/plugins/identity.js?v=2.9.89
13073
https://connect.facebook.net/signals/config/232741255631043?v=2.9.89&r=stable
11341
https://js.hsleadflows.net/leadflows.js
3665
https://snap.licdn.com/li.lms-analytics/insight.min.js
63
https://connect.facebook.net/en_US/fbevents.js
45
Preload Largest Contentful Paint image
It is recommended to preload images used by LCP elements, to improve LCP time.
URL Potential Savings (Ms)
https://www.linux.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/LFX-cAiTzf.gif
0
Avoids enormous network payloads — Total size was 1,311 KiB
Large network payloads can cost users money and are linked to long load times.
URL Transfer Size (Bytes)
https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/managed/js/adsense/m202211100101/show_ads_impl_fy2021.js
120345
https://www.linux.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/LFX-cAiTzf.gif
99892
https://www.linux.com/wp-content/plugins/td-standard-pack/Newspaper/assets/css/td_standard_pack_main.css?ver=48767bfdc5698c9103b4ef9b700012fd
94464
https://js.hsleadflows.net/leadflows.js
90413
https://www.linux.com/wp-content/plugins/td-composer/legacy/Newspaper/js/tagdiv_theme.min.js?ver=12.1
89083
https://connect.facebook.net/signals/config/232741255631043?v=2.9.89&r=stable
87266
https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id=GTM-NXGNZW
65498
https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/adsbygoogle.js
49926
https://www.linux.com/wp-content/plugins/td-cloud-library/assets/js/js_files_for_front.min.js?ver=87b3292f51aec51c00e6ce7db9b73ed1
48336
https://www.linux.com/
40894
Avoids an excessive DOM size — 599 elements
A large DOM (Document Object Model) will increase memory usage, cause longer system calculations as well as costly layout reflows.
Statistic Element Value
Total DOM Elements
599
Maximum DOM Depth
August 23, 2022
20
Maximum Child Elements
body.home
25
Avoid chaining critical requests — 19 chains found
Below is a list of Critical Request Chains, which shows which resources are loaded with a high priority. Linux.com should consider reducing the length of chains, reducing the download size of resources, or deferring the download of unnecessary resources to improve page load.
User Timing marks and measures — 1 user timing
Make use of the User Timing API to measure an app's real-world performance during key user experiences.
Name Type Start Time (Ms) Duration (Ms)
embed-script-start-pre-delay
Mark
1253.038
All text remains visible during webfont loads
Make use of the font-display CSS feature, which will ensure text is user-visible while webfonts are loading.
Keep request counts low and transfer sizes small — 84 requests • 1,311 KiB
It is advised to add a budgets.json file in order to set budgets for the quantity and size of page resources.
Resource Type Requests Transfer Size (Bytes)
Total
84
1342488
Script
35
824085
Stylesheet
8
182339
Font
6
143177
Image
12
110546
Document
5
54036
Other
18
28305
Media
0
0
Third-party
61
749778
Lazy load third-party resources with facades
Consider replacing third-party embeds with a facade until they are required (use lazy loading).
Largest Contentful Paint element — 1 element found
The element which was identified as the Largest Contentful Paint.
Element
div.td-module-container > div.td-module-thumb > a.td-image-wrap > span.entry-thumb
Largest Contentful Paint image was not lazily loaded
Above-the-fold images that are lazily loaded render later in the page lifecycle, which can delay the largest contentful paint.
Element
div.td-module-container > div.td-module-thumb > a.td-image-wrap > span.entry-thumb
Avoid large layout shifts
Below is a list of all DOM elements that contribute to the CLS of the page.
Avoids `document.write()`
Avoid or limit the use of external scripts that are dynamically injected via 'document.write()' as users on slow connections will be delayed by tens of seconds.
Avoid long main-thread tasks — 20 long tasks found
Below is a list of the longest tasks on the main thread, which is useful when identifying the worst input delay contributors.
URL Start Time (Ms) Duration (Ms)
https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/managed/js/adsense/m202211100101/show_ads_impl_fy2021.js
13025
215
https://www.linux.com/
2259
163
https://tpc.googlesyndication.com/sodar/sodar2.js
14431
152
https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/adsbygoogle.js
11251
124
https://www.linux.com/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery.min.js?ver=3.6.1
13240
111
https://tpc.googlesyndication.com/sodar/sodar2/225/runner.html
15333
96
https://tpc.googlesyndication.com/sodar/sodar2/225/runner.html
15145
91
https://tpc.googlesyndication.com/sodar/sodar2/225/runner.html
14984
85
https://www.linux.com/wp-content/plugins/td-cloud-library/assets/js/js_files_for_front.min.js?ver=87b3292f51aec51c00e6ce7db9b73ed1
9390
83
https://tpc.googlesyndication.com/sodar/sodar2/225/runner.html
14778
80
https://tpc.googlesyndication.com/sodar/sodar2/225/runner.html
14858
78
https://www.google-analytics.com/analytics.js
10801
77
https://js.usemessages.com/conversations-embed.js
9571
76
https://tpc.googlesyndication.com/sodar/sodar2/225/runner.html
15069
76
https://www.linux.com/
2190
69
https://www.linux.com/wp-content/plugins/td-standard-pack/Newspaper/assets/css/td_standard_pack_main.css?ver=48767bfdc5698c9103b4ef9b700012fd
6297
68
https://js.hsleadflows.net/leadflows.js
6230
67
https://www.linux.com/
2485
66
https://connect.facebook.net/signals/config/232741255631043?v=2.9.89&r=stable
15990
65
https://www.linux.com/
2422
63
Avoid non-composited animations
It is recommended to avoid non-composited animations which are often janky and increase CLS.
Image elements have explicit `width` and `height`
Reduce layout shifts and improve CLS by setting explicit width and height properties on image elements.
Has a `<meta name="viewport">` tag with `width` or `initial-scale`
It is advised to use a '<meta name="viewport">' tag for the optimization of linux.com on mobile screens.

Budgets

Performance budget
It is advised to keep the quantity and size of all network requests under the targets set by the provided performance budget.
Timing budget
It is advised to set a timing budget to monitor the performance of your site.

Audits

Network Requests
Below is a list of network requests that were made during page load.
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http/1.1
1743.0819999427
1876.1749998666
528
49
200
text/javascript
Script
https://www.facebook.com/tr/?id=232741255631043&ev=PageView&dl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.linux.com%2F&rl=&if=false&ts=1668572313908&sw=360&sh=640&ud[external_id]=b28a5aba3aa05332d6c87de728c1089e&v=2.9.89&r=stable&a=tmhubspot&ec=0&o=30&fbp=fb.1.1668572313906.1621764921&it=1668572313797&coo=false&rqm=GET
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Image
https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/sodar?id=sodar2&v=225&li=gda_r20221110&jk=3108790643679435&rc=
h2
1798.5339998268
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text/html
Image
https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/bg/HXK1UBO5dJ_nYlUyX89SMP4zFPzfcfFy3F4kBoREzco.js
h2
1801.3949999586
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text/javascript
Script
https://tpc.googlesyndication.com/generate_204?cY7OJg
h2
2037.5520000234
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text/plain
Image
https://www.facebook.com/tr/
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2301.0530001484
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Ping
https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/sodar?id=sodar2&v=225&t=2&li=gda_r20221110&jk=3108790643679435&bg=!nJ-ln9vNAAbvMpMzzzI7ACkAdvg8WqeizW9r-svWo6hpkYZTpWoqUU5ic5A2uMYsQala_zpG7lkVfgIAAAEQUgAAAAhoAQcKADDVqkG_5GxJsnnf2t7MwBCF40Dbc3sli91zM2vWqklpTvNv2bKeu6gknHL66KimUqCZAu7oHSXJ3fYhsTaxLhHUplo9f-3TTfFsm4ujPlgGHCacINB3IXzCzqsFL37KHmzQilSn-m6bw2_kKUjjcmnUrw2Me4iL-ghNV6TXR9sK8V2ynwIY4BXe_jeuFhwrtYQJNzDaiRjiXzm-SiVhMjVVZ87VKPH0QGf0BWwUbGahKAGh1WeP0TvRCo5cs8VFiPHHMIBuF2ZVA7Pfx2NhlD2g0bBRUCsYtwYrIRdW5E85xB9S3H6hx_VUaO_-4zeotRxBGjDhoo4LJBRxrG8LN8AfHQ-K7MeP1gUifujVealNmpE0b9326auGr3vME0sYJzXugwtG_OA6eRPHskE0j_eAlFKqrdsviXcaR6YI1GHEIlHMa5JU5pJS5YanI0bLkEC3iaeIrKMAFa3J3gt74e2Jy7bzbdh91g2YbvkxseRl8l3EGrCQXmSmNkqrHG2qoapZn2K8b-AojNhk04kaVl3rSLBKBKVyIpW25WckorGg8SUe_bEZil_ykyFy_g45D7k2baOnJNZhUILApJ_JHPXCDziA4XxIH4MAmdoSrMs4j91hwgdtXsbQwX0h-G-TWMHIiuf8S_iFWCF1Lt59dQ46lp9Qfm9lOQW_fnmfuAPCD5KOc9552BDjWB_8Owl_RWLPo__EQeJbL6jH1J6ixOYHDa1fgMuq1IZYZcjdy6wGGNKAWPw7xNBH2-9r3HdUu36qbrITRAXtgsOMpaOZtLLsSvMrPD0IXRBhg-DonSg7feBr9a_7ANOJS0-AbdYELfRR6RGZU_WKlrEmPihyLU-k1tsl4xiqOaiWjMkNfkmLyLpl8SD_eWquCf2jpztSbIfE0oAxG7o3-V7uyl0AXlL4YZdXOT9Kalt76DsFdrZtml54yiXbke370tRYpGaNtu5V48tcc-PhVsFcfAclixCw62X6wUYMBtcay3TJArFGMArbML89CWzIbTxEViO8UW65VMwen9uP9IsD23Elko0gqLNRpeBvdYL-LJvhK_q7QsI
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2620.5349997617
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text/html
Image
Network Round Trip Times — 0 ms
High Network RTT (Round Trip Times) can have a large impact on performance. Providing servers geographically closer to the user could improve performance.
Server Backend Latencies — 0 ms
High server latencies indicate the server is overloaded or has a poor backend performance.
Tasks
Below is a list of the top-level main thread tasks that executed during page load.
Start Time (Ms) End Time (Ms)
855.61
17.239
873.211
40.813
929.484
6.079
936.243
17.059
954.796
12.512
967.421
8.954
976.386
31.553
1013.199
6.369
1036.419
32.81
1069.769
5.677
1076.9
21.026
1105
14.987
1122.645
20.698
1143.641
12.77
1160.123
6.921
1168.706
8.152
1176.866
5.501
1196.258
15.307
1212.338
5.274
1221.065
16.864
1238.143
5.222
1246.688
19.121
1270.206
18.42
1291.927
19.316
1322.73
31.096
1359.761
7.017
1368.741
7.929
1412.707
53.772
1495.044
6.62
1591.933
55.427
1658.938
8.837
1670.314
14.138
1685.688
6.782
1692.521
38.003
1746.802
6.915
1753.813
9.088
1763.68
7.701
1778.396
16.261
1810.783
27.153
1841.848
11.708
1853.595
20.05
1873.692
19.563
1894.995
8.15
1907.643
13.959
1922
12.016
1935.155
21.294
1956.706
19.054
1979.716
22.84
2003.63
10.828
2015.109
24.029
2040.033
12.688
2054.412
13.696
2069.15
15.715
2085.846
11.303
2293.936
6.721
2605.16
10.306
2616.024
5.513
Diagnostics
Below is a collection of useful page vitals.
View Data
Metrics
Below is a collection of metrics.
View Data
Script Treemap Data
Provide as required, for treemap app.

Metrics

Total Blocking Time — 500 ms
The total blocking time is the sum of all time periods between First Contentful Paint and Time to Interactive (when task length exceeded 50ms).

Audits

Max Potential First Input Delay — 220 ms
Users could experience a delay when interacting with the page.

Other

Minify CSS — Potential savings of 36 KiB
Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) files can contribute to network payload sizes. Linux.com should consider minifying CSS files.
URL Transfer Size (Bytes) Potential Savings (Bytes)
https://www.linux.com/wp-content/plugins/td-standard-pack/Newspaper/assets/css/td_standard_pack_main.css?ver=48767bfdc5698c9103b4ef9b700012fd
94464
20648
https://www.linux.com/wp-content/themes/Newspaper/style.css?ver=12.1
33656
9418
https://www.linux.com/wp-content/plugins/td-composer/legacy/Newspaper/assets/css/td_legacy_main.css?ver=e815948e5c9ec5801de67b92a1d5a59fx
32926
6390
Reduce JavaScript execution time — 2.9 s
JavaScript (JS) execution time can be lowered by reducing the time required for parsing, compiling and executing JS. Delivering smaller JS payloads may help with this.
URL Total CPU Time (Ms) Script Evaluation (Ms) Script Parse (Ms)
https://tpc.googlesyndication.com/sodar/sodar2/225/runner.html
1022.784
972.6
8.508
https://www.linux.com/
759.324
201.308
31.24
Unattributable
439.76
8.848
0
https://www.linux.com/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery.min.js?ver=3.6.1
275.76
243.336
6.468
https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/managed/js/adsense/m202211100101/show_ads_impl_fy2021.js
238.768
205.536
21.964
https://tpc.googlesyndication.com/sodar/sodar2.js
179.608
172.496
1.504
https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id=GTM-NXGNZW
145.092
129.056
12.52
https://js.hs-analytics.net/analytics/1668572100000/8112310.js
128.996
120.54
6.24
https://www.linux.com/wp-content/plugins/td-composer/legacy/Newspaper/js/tagdiv_theme.min.js?ver=12.1
114.688
61.78
18.56
https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/bg/HXK1UBO5dJ_nYlUyX89SMP4zFPzfcfFy3F4kBoREzco.js
106.62
97.924
7.668
https://js.hscollectedforms.net/collectedforms.js
106.184
82.812
9.932
https://js.hsleadflows.net/leadflows.js
105.368
61.684
39.944
https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/adsbygoogle.js
98.572
88.888
8.456
https://connect.facebook.net/signals/config/232741255631043?v=2.9.89&r=stable
91.928
70.38
19.968
https://www.google-analytics.com/analytics.js
87.808
78.904
3.232
https://js.usemessages.com/conversations-embed.js
81.952
72.896
5.208
https://www.linux.com/wp-content/plugins/td-standard-pack/Newspaper/assets/css/td_standard_pack_main.css?ver=48767bfdc5698c9103b4ef9b700012fd
68.236
0
0
https://connect.facebook.net/en_US/fbevents.js
56.552
48.904
6.836

Metrics

First Contentful Paint — 4.9 s
The time taken for the first image or text on the page to be rendered.
Time to Interactive — 14.5 s
The time taken for the page to become fully interactive.
Speed Index — 7.1 s
The time taken for the page contents to be visibly populated.
Largest Contentful Paint — 7.4 s
The timing of the largest text or image that is painted.

Audits

First Meaningful Paint — 5.2 s
The time taken for the primary content of the page to be rendered.

Other

Eliminate render-blocking resources — Potential savings of 2,610 ms
Resources, such as JavaScript and style sheets, can block the first paint of the page. Linux.com should consider delivering critical JavaScript/style sheets (JS/CSS) inline and deferring all non-critical JS/CSS.
URL Transfer Size (Bytes) Potential Savings (Ms)
https://www.linux.com/wp-content/plugins/metronet-profile-picture/dist/blocks.style.build.css?ver=2.6.0
4701
150
https://www.linux.com/wp-content/plugins/td-composer/td-multi-purpose/style.css?ver=e815948e5c9ec5801de67b92a1d5a59fx
6919
300
https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Open+Sans%3A400%2C600%2C700%7CRoboto%3A400%2C500%2C700&display=swap&ver=12.1
1804
780
https://www.linux.com/wp-content/themes/Newspaper/style.css?ver=12.1
33656
300
https://www.linux.com/wp-content/plugins/td-composer/legacy/Newspaper/assets/css/td_legacy_main.css?ver=e815948e5c9ec5801de67b92a1d5a59fx
32926
450
https://www.linux.com/wp-content/plugins/td-standard-pack/Newspaper/assets/css/td_standard_pack_main.css?ver=48767bfdc5698c9103b4ef9b700012fd
94464
1050
https://www.linux.com/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery.min.js?ver=3.6.1
36774
150
Reduce unused CSS — Potential savings of 152 KiB
Dead and/or unused rules in Style Sheets (CSS) can contribute to network payload sizes. Linux.com should consider removing dead rules from style sheets and deferring the loading of CSS not used for above-the-fold content.
URL Transfer Size (Bytes) Potential Savings (Bytes)
https://www.linux.com/wp-content/plugins/td-standard-pack/Newspaper/assets/css/td_standard_pack_main.css?ver=48767bfdc5698c9103b4ef9b700012fd
94464
93847
https://www.linux.com/wp-content/plugins/td-composer/legacy/Newspaper/assets/css/td_legacy_main.css?ver=e815948e5c9ec5801de67b92a1d5a59fx
32926
31916
https://www.linux.com/wp-content/themes/Newspaper/style.css?ver=12.1
33656
29614
Reduce unused JavaScript — Potential savings of 356 KiB
It is advised to remove unused JavaScript in order to reduce bytes consumed by network activity.
URL Transfer Size (Bytes) Potential Savings (Bytes)
https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/managed/js/adsense/m202211100101/show_ads_impl_fy2021.js
120345
81818
https://connect.facebook.net/signals/config/232741255631043?v=2.9.89&r=stable
87266
76989
https://www.linux.com/wp-content/plugins/td-composer/legacy/Newspaper/js/tagdiv_theme.min.js?ver=12.1
89083
70931
https://js.hsleadflows.net/leadflows.js
90413
40211
https://www.linux.com/wp-content/plugins/td-cloud-library/assets/js/js_files_for_front.min.js?ver=87b3292f51aec51c00e6ce7db9b73ed1
48336
39554
https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id=GTM-NXGNZW
65498
29252
https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/adsbygoogle.js
49926
25686
Reduce initial server response time — Root document took 820 ms
It is advised to keep the server response time short for the main document, because all other requests depend on it.
URL Time Spent (Ms)
https://www.linux.com/
817.688
Avoid multiple page redirects — Potential savings of 1,110 ms
Redirects can cause additional delays before the page can begin loading. Linux.com should avoid multiple or unnecessary page redirects.
URL Time Spent (Ms)
http://linux.com/
630
https://linux.com/
480
https://www.linux.com/
0
Serve static assets with an efficient cache policy — 19 resources found
Linux.com can speed up repeat visits by increasing the cache lifetime, which is essentially how long before a cached copy expires.
URL Cache TTL (Ms) Transfer Size (Bytes)
https://bam.nr-data.net/1/981d6c8a9f?a=176909146&v=1220.PROD&to=ZwZWMhNZXxcFABFaXF5MdQUVUV4KSxMEVFY%3D&rst=1742&ck=0&s=a712cc5911fa8d9e&ref=https://www.linux.com/&ap=731&be=879&fe=713&dc=256&perf=%7B%22timing%22:%7B%22of%22:1668572312115,%22n%22:0,%22f%22:35,%22dn%22:35,%22dne%22:35,%22c%22:35,%22ce%22:35,%22rq%22:35,%22rp%22:852,%22rpe%22:852,%22dl%22:857,%22di%22:1135,%22ds%22:1135,%22de%22:1143,%22dc%22:1592,%22l%22:1592,%22le%22:1638%7D,%22navigation%22:%7B%7D%7D&fp=1025&fcp=1078&at=S0FVRFtDTBk%3D&jsonp=NREUM.setToken
0
528
https://p.adsymptotic.com/d/px/?_pid=16218&_psign=0aa5badf92527f7732e22463d6fa4dbc&coopa=0&gdpr=0&gdpr_consent=&_puuid=535732b0-341a-4ea8-be98-5373ba5c6cca&_expected_cookie=2125ece44f4c8fda20c8ced965c74281
0
399
https://www.facebook.com/tr/?id=232741255631043&ev=PageView&dl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.linux.com%2F&rl=&if=false&ts=1668572313908&sw=360&sh=640&ud[external_id]=b28a5aba3aa05332d6c87de728c1089e&v=2.9.89&r=stable&a=tmhubspot&ec=0&o=30&fbp=fb.1.1668572313906.1621764921&it=1668572313797&coo=false&rqm=GET
0
328
https://js.hs-scripts.com/8112310.js
60000
1210
https://js.hs-scripts.com/8112310.js?integration=WordPress&ver=9.0.338
60000
1184
https://js.hs-analytics.net/analytics/1668572100000/8112310.js
300000
21327
https://js.hs-banner.com/8112310.js
300000
17757
https://js.usemessages.com/conversations-embed.js
600000
21689
https://js.hsadspixel.net/fb.js
600000
3598
https://connect.facebook.net/signals/config/232741255631043?v=2.9.89&r=stable
1200000
87266
https://connect.facebook.net/en_US/fbevents.js
1200000
28567
https://connect.facebook.net/signals/plugins/identity.js?v=2.9.89
1200000
21966
https://www.google-analytics.com/analytics.js
7200000
20664
https://js-agent.newrelic.com/552.2d6a2503-1220.js
7200000
6586
https://js-agent.newrelic.com/290.2d6a2503-1220.js
7200000
4120
https://js-agent.newrelic.com/768.2d6a2503-1220.js
7200000
2952
https://js-agent.newrelic.com/368.2d6a2503-1220.js
7200000
2171
https://js-agent.newrelic.com/775.2d6a2503-1220.js
7200000
1327
https://snap.licdn.com/li.lms-analytics/insight.min.js
80792000
4815
Minimize main-thread work — 4.5 s
Main-thread work timing can be lowered by reducing the time required for parsing, compiling and executing JS. Delivering smaller JS payloads may help with this.
Category Time Spent (Ms)
Script Evaluation
2947.716
Other
605.44
Style & Layout
396.6
Script Parsing & Compilation
261.672
Parse HTML & CSS
182.576
Garbage Collection
86.92
Rendering
62.384
Reduce the impact of third-party code — Third-party code blocked the main thread for 510 ms
It is advised to either limit, remove or delay the loading of redundant third-party code which may be significantly impacting load performance.
Third-Party Transfer Size (Bytes) Main-Thread Blocking Time (Ms)
SHOW DETAILS
221443
416.668
SHOW DETAILS
148693
60.024
SHOW DETAILS
21276
21.928
SHOW DETAILS
65498
7.964
SHOW DETAILS
138127
0
SHOW DETAILS
78026
0
SHOW DETAILS
17684
0
SHOW DETAILS
10212
0
SHOW DETAILS
2097
0
Does not use passive listeners to improve scrolling performance
Improve the page's scroll performance by marking touch and wheel event listeners as 'passive'.
Source
SHOW DETAILS
Registers an `unload` listener
The 'unload' event does not fire reliably, causing issues with browser optimizations such as the Back-Forward Cache. It is recommended that 'pagehide' or 'visibilitychange' events are used instead.
Source
SHOW DETAILS
First Contentful Paint (3G) — 10040 ms
The time taken for the first image or text on the page to be rendered while on a 3G network.
93

Accessibility

Indicates how accessible the page is and highlights opportunities where the page can be made more accessible to users of linux.com. This includes details about various page attributes that can be optimized.

Navigation

`[accesskey]` values are unique
Access keys assist users with focusing on different parts of the page. Each access key should be unique for proper navigation.
The page contains a heading, skip link, or landmark region
It is advised to provide ways to bypass repetitive content, allowing users to navigate the page efficiently.
`[id]` attributes on active, focusable elements are unique
Ensure all focusable elements have a unique id value to allow them to be visible to users of assistive technologies, like a screen reader.
No element has a `[tabindex]` value greater than 0
Although technically valid, a tabindex value greater than 0 often creates frustrating experiences for users who rely on assistive technologies.

ARIA

`[aria-*]` attributes match their roles
Avoid mismatching 'aria-*' attributes and their 'role' value, as it invalidates the attribute.
`button`, `link`, and `menuitem` elements have accessible names
Without accessible names on elements, screen readers will default to announcing a generic name, which means your content will be less accessible to users who rely on screen readers.
`[aria-hidden="true"]` is not present on the document `<body>`
If aria-hidden=true is set on the document body, assistive technologies, like a screen reader will work inconsistently.
`[aria-hidden="true"]` elements do not contain focusable descendents
Interactive elements within an aria-hidden=true element are unavailable to users of assistive technologies, like a screen reader.
ARIA input fields have accessible names
Generic names are announced to users of assistive technologies, like a screen reader, when an input field does not have an accessible name specified.
ARIA `meter` elements have accessible names
Without accessible names on elements, screen readers will default to announcing a generic name, which means your content will be less accessible to users who rely on screen readers.
ARIA `progressbar` elements have accessible names
Without accessible names on elements, screen readers will default to announcing a generic name, which means your content will be less accessible to users who rely on screen readers.
`[role]`s have all required `[aria-*]` attributes
Some ARIA roles have required 'aria-*' attributes, which provide essential information about state and functionality.
Elements with an ARIA `[role]` that require children to contain a specific `[role]` have all required children.
Some ARIA parent roles cannot perform their intended functions if specific child roles are not used.
`[role]`s are contained by their required parent element
Some ARIA child roles cannot perform their intended functions if specific parent roles are not used.
`[role]` values are valid
All ARIA roles require valid values to perform their intended functions.
ARIA toggle fields have accessible names
Generic names are announced to users of assistive technologies, like a screen reader, when a toggle field does not have an accessible name specified.
ARIA `tooltip` elements have accessible names
Without accessible names on elements, screen readers will default to announcing a generic name, which means your content will be less accessible to users who rely on screen readers.
ARIA `treeitem` elements have accessible names
Without accessible names on elements, screen readers will default to announcing a generic name, which means your content will be less accessible to users who rely on screen readers.
`[aria-*]` attributes have valid values
ARIA attributes cannot be interpreted with invalid values when used by screen readers and other assistive technologies.
`[aria-*]` attributes are valid and not misspelled
ARIA attributes cannot be interpreted with invalid names when used by screen readers and other assistive technologies.
ARIA IDs are unique
Ensure all ARIA ID values are unique to prevent elements from being overlooked by assistive technologies, like a screen reader.

Names and labels

Buttons have an accessible name
Buttons become unusable as they are announced simply as "button" when the button does not have an accessible name, when used by screen readers and other assistive technologies.
Document has a `<title>` element
Search engines, screen reader users and other assistive technology users rely on the title to provide an overview of the page and to help determine if the page is relevant to their search.
No form fields have multiple labels
Having multiple labels for form fields can be confusing to assistive technologies, like a screen reader.
`<frame>` or `<iframe>` elements have a title
Screen reader users and other assistive technology users rely on frame titles to describe the contents of frames.
Image elements have `[alt]` attributes
Provide short and descriptive alternative text where possible on informative elements.
`<input type="image">` elements have `[alt]` text
Input buttons with alternative text assist screen readers and other assistive technology users to understand its purpose.
Form elements have associated labels
Screen readers and other assistive technologies rely on labels to properly announce form controls.
`<object>` elements have alternate text
It is advised that alt text is used on '<object>' elements in order to provide meaning to screen reader and other assistive technology users, as these technologies are unable to translate non-text content.

Tables and lists

`<dl>`'s contain only properly-ordered `<dt>` and `<dd>` groups, `<script>`, `<template>` or `<div>` elements.
Screen readers and other assistive technologies may produce poor and inaccurate output when definition lists are not properly marked up.
Definition list items are wrapped in `<dl>` elements
In order for screen readers and other assistive technologies to properly announce definition list items ('<dt>' and '<dd>'), they must be wrapped in parent a '<dl>' element.
Lists contain only `<li>` elements and script supporting elements (`<script>` and `<template>`).
Use proper list structure to aid screen readers and other assistive technologies.
List items (`<li>`) are contained within `<ul>` or `<ol>` parent elements
In order for screen readers to announce list items, ensure that list items ('<li>') are contained within parent '<ul>' or '<ol>' tags.
Cells in a `<table>` element that use the `[headers]` attribute refer to table cells within the same table.
Screen readers and other assistive technologies have features to make navigating tables easier. Ensure that '<td>' cells using the headers attribute only refer to other cells in the same table, to improve screen reader user experience.
`<th>` elements and elements with `[role="columnheader"/"rowheader"]` have data cells they describe.
Screen readers and other assistive technologies have features to make navigating tables easier. Ensure that table headers refer to some set of cells, to improve screen reader user experience.

Internationalization and localization

`<html>` element has a `[lang]` attribute
It is advised to provide a lang attribute so that screen readers and other assistive technologies are guaranteed to announce the page's text correctly. When not provided, the user's default language setting will be used which may cause inaccuracies.
`<html>` element has a valid value for its `[lang]` attribute
Specify a valid BCP 47 language in order to help screen readers and other assistive technologies announce text properly.
`[lang]` attributes have a valid value
Specify a valid BCP 47 language on elements in order to help screen readers and other assistive technologies announce text properly.

Best practices

The document does not use `<meta http-equiv="refresh">`
Pages that refresh automatically cause a poor user experience as focus is directed back to the top of the page unexpectedly.
`[user-scalable="no"]` is not used in the `<meta name="viewport">` element and the `[maximum-scale]` attribute is not less than 5.
For users with low vision who rely on screen magnification, ensure that zooming is not disabled.

Audio and video

`<video>` elements contain a `<track>` element with `[kind="captions"]`
Linux.com may provide assistance to deaf or hearing-impaired users with captions on videos.

Contrast

Background and foreground colors do not have a sufficient contrast ratio.
Many (if not most) users find low-contrast text difficult or impossible to read.
Failing Elements
training and certification offerings
upcoming virtual experience events
Featured News
Linux Foundation
System Administration + Linux Kernel

Navigation

Heading elements are not in a sequentially-descending order
Properly order all headers and do not skip heading levels to better the navigation and readability for users of assistive technologies, like a screen reader.
Failing Elements
Elevate Your Organization’s Open Source Strategy

Names and labels

Links do not have a discernible name
In order to improve the navigation for screen reader and other assistive technology users, use link text that is unique, focusable and discernible.

Manual Checks

The page has a logical tab order
The visual layout should be logical in its tab order and users cannot focus elements that are offscreen.
Interactive controls are keyboard focusable
Ensure that custom interactive controls are keyboard focusable and that a focus indicator is displayed.
Interactive elements indicate their purpose and state
Ensure that interactive elements (such as links and buttons) are distinguishable from non-interactive elements and that they indicate their state.
The user's focus is directed to new content added to the page
When new content (such as a dialogue) is added to the page, the user's focus should be directed to it.
User focus is not accidentally trapped in a region
Avoid focus being accidentally trapped when a user tabs in and out of controls or regions on page.
Custom controls have associated labels
Ensure that custom interactive controls have associated labels, which are provided by aria-label and aria-labelledby attributes.
Custom controls have ARIA roles
Ensure that all custom interactive controls have appropriate ARIA roles.
Visual order on the page follows DOM order
Ensure that the DOM order matches with the page's visual order, in order to improve navigation for screen readers and other assistive technologies.
Offscreen content is hidden from assistive technology
Ensure that offscreen content is hidden through the use of "display:none" styling or the aria-hidden attribute.
HTML5 landmark elements are used to improve navigation
Elements such as <main> and <nav> are recommended as they are used by screen readers and other assistive technologies to improve keyboard navigation.
83

Best Practices

Indicates the recommended, best practices currently in place on the page and highlights the best practices that linux.com should incorporate. This includes practices such as protecting pages with HTTPS.

Audits

Avoids requesting the geolocation permission on page load
When requesting a user's location, provide context or consider tying the request to a user action to avoid confusion and mistrust from users.
Avoids requesting the notification permission on page load
When requesting permission to send notifications, provide context or consider tying the request to a user action to avoid confusion and mistrust from users.
Avoids front-end JavaScript libraries with known security vulnerabilities
Ensure that the use of third-party scripts is minimal and that only trusted third-party scripts are used as some may contain known security vulnerabilities which may be exploited by attackers.
Ensure CSP is effective against XSS attacks
Significantly reduce the risk of cross-site scripting attacks (XSS) by ensuring you have a strong Content Security Policy (CSP).
Description Directive Severity
No CSP found in enforcement mode
High

Audits

Allows users to paste into password fields
Ensure that password inputs may be pasted into to aid in the user's ability to use password managers and improve security.
Displays images with correct aspect ratio
Ensure that image display dimensions match their natural aspect ratio.
Serves images with appropriate resolution
For maximum image clarity, ensure images have natural dimensions and are proportional to the display size and pixel ratio.
Fonts with `font-display: optional` are preloaded
It is recommended that optional fonts are preloaded.

Audits

Page has the HTML doctype
Ensure a doctype is specified to prevent the browser from switching to quirks-mode.
Properly defines charset
It is advised to declare a character encoding, optionally via a <meta> tag in the first 1024 bytes of the HTML or in the Content-Type HTTP response header.

Audits

Detected JavaScript libraries
Below is a list of all front-end JavaScript libraries that were detected on the page.
Name Version
jQuery
3.6.1
Underscore
1.13.6
Hammer.js
2.0.8
WordPress
6.1
core-js
core-js-global@3.0.1; core-js-pure@3.0.0
No browser errors logged to the console
Below is a list of all errors logged to the console, which indicate unresolved problems on the site.
Page has valid source maps
Consider deploying source maps for added benefits such as the ability to debug while in production.
URL Map URL
https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/bg/HXK1UBO5dJ_nYlUyX89SMP4zFPzfcfFy3F4kBoREzco.js
https://js.usemessages.com/conversations-embed.js
https://js.usemessages.com/project.js.map
https://js.hscollectedforms.net/collectedforms.js
https://js.hscollectedforms.net/project.js.map
https://js.hsadspixel.net/fb.js
https://js.hsadspixel.net/pixels-release.js.map
https://js-agent.newrelic.com/775.2d6a2503-1220.js
https://js-agent.newrelic.com/775.2d6a2503.map
https://js-agent.newrelic.com/768.2d6a2503-1220.js
https://js-agent.newrelic.com/768.2d6a2503.map
https://js-agent.newrelic.com/552.2d6a2503-1220.js
https://js-agent.newrelic.com/552.2d6a2503.map
https://js-agent.newrelic.com/368.2d6a2503-1220.js
https://js-agent.newrelic.com/368.2d6a2503.map
https://js-agent.newrelic.com/290.2d6a2503-1220.js
https://js-agent.newrelic.com/290.2d6a2503.map
No issues in the `Issues` panel in Chrome Devtools
There may be unresolved issues logged to Chrome Devtools.

Audits

Does not use HTTPS — 1 insecure request found
Ensure that all pages are protected with HTTPS (including those that do not handle sensitive data) as HTTPS prevents tampering and passive listening on communications between the app and its users. Additionally, HTTPS is a prerequisite for HTTP/2 and many new web platform APIs.
Insecure URL Request Resolution
http://linux.com/
Allowed

Audits

Uses deprecated APIs — 1 warning found
Avoid deprecated APIs which will eventually be removed the browser.
Deprecation / Warning Source
...
SHOW DETAILS
92

SEO

Indicates how well the page is optimized for ranking in search engines and highlights Search Engine Optimization (SEO) opportunities for linux.com. This includes optimizations such as providing meta data.

Mobile Friendly

Has a `<meta name="viewport">` tag with `width` or `initial-scale`
It is advised to use a '<meta name="viewport">' tag for the optimization of linux.com on mobile screens.
Document uses legible font sizes — 94.56% legible text
Font sizes of 12px or less are too small to most mobile users without user gestures and further action. Aim for more than 60% of page text to use font sizes greater than 12px.
Source Selector % of Page Text Font Size
SHOW DETAILS
.td-module-meta-info
5.38%
11px
SHOW DETAILS
.td-post-category
0.04%
10px
SHOW DETAILS
.td_flex_block_2.td_with_ajax_pagination .td-next-prev-wrap a
0.02%
10px
SHOW DETAILS
94.56%
≥ 12px

Content Best Practices

Document has a `<title>` element
Search engines, screen reader users and other assistive technology users rely on the title to provide an overview of the page and to help determine if the page is relevant to their search.
Document has a meta description
Meta descriptions may be used by search engines when displaying a link to the page and should concisely summarize the page's content.
Image elements have `[alt]` attributes
Provide short and descriptive alternative text where possible on informative elements.
Document has a valid `hreflang`
Search engines can be instructed to list specific versions of a page for a given language or region through the use of hreflang links.
Document has a valid `rel=canonical`
Search engines can be suggested which URL should be shown in search results through the use of canonical links.
Document avoids plugins
The content of plugins cannot be indexed by search engines and many devices either restrict or do not support them.

Crawling and Indexing

Page has successful HTTP status code
Avoid pages with unsuccessful HTTP status codes as they may not be indexed by search engines.
Links are crawlable
Ensure that the 'href' attribute of anchor elements links to the appropriate destination. This allows for more pages of the site to be discovered by search engines.
Page isn’t blocked from indexing
Pages that cannot be crawled by search engines cannot be indexed or included in their search results. Ensure that search engines have permission to crawl all pages that should be indexed.
robots.txt is valid
Malformed robots.txt files prevent crawlers from understanding how a site wants to be crawled or indexed, which can be devastating to SEO.

Mobile Friendly

Tap targets are not sized appropriately — 95% appropriately sized tap targets
Interactive elements (such as buttons and links) should be appropriately spaced, sized and easy enough to select or tap with regard to their surrounding elements.
Tap Target Size Overlapping Target
prev-page
29x30
Elevate Your Organization’s Open Source Strategy
News
40x17
Elevate Your Organization’s Open Source Strategy

Content Best Practices

Links do not have descriptive text — 1 link found
Make use of descriptive link text to assist search engines in understanding the content.

Manual Checks

Structured data is valid
Structured data can be validated through the use of the Structured Data Testing Tool and the Structured Data Linter.
30

PWA

Indicates how valid the aspects of a Progressive Web App (PWA) are for the page and highlights opportunities to enable/improve the PWA of linux.com. This includes details about web app manifests.

PWA Optimized

Content is sized correctly for the viewport
Ensure that the width of the app's content matches the width of the viewport, otherwise the app might not be optimized for mobile screens.
Has a `<meta name="viewport">` tag with `width` or `initial-scale`
It is advised to use a '<meta name="viewport">' tag for the optimization of linux.com on mobile screens.

Installable

Web app manifest or service worker do not meet the installability requirements — 1 reason
User engagement may be increased by leveraging the browsers ability to proactively prompt users to add the app to their homescreen.
Failure reason
No manifest was fetched

PWA Optimized

Does not register a service worker that controls page and `start_url`
A service worker is used to provide Progressive Web Apps the use of features such as working offline, the ability for the app to be added to the homescreen as well as push notifications.
Is not configured for a custom splash screen
Themed splash screens ensure a high-quality user experience at launch for app users.
View Data
Does not set a theme color for the address bar.
A theme may be applied to the browser address bar, which ideally can be made to match the site.
View Data
Does not provide a valid `apple-touch-icon`
iOS users of Progressive Web Apps will benefit from an apple touch icon, which can be defined with 'apple-touch-icon', which must point to a non-transparent 192px (or 180px) square PNG.
Manifest doesn't have a maskable icon
Maskable icons are great to ensure that images fill the entire shape when installing the app on a device.

Manual Checks

Site works cross-browser
Ensure that the Progressive Web App works correctly across every major browser.
Page transitions don't feel like they block on the network
Users perceive apps with responsive, snappy transitions as higher peforming and ensures a great user experience, even on a slow network.
Each page has a URL
Ensure that all pages are deep linkable via URL. They should also be unique for the purpose of shareability on social media.
Hosting

Server Location

Server IP Address: 23.185.0.3
Continent: North America
Country: United States
United States Flag
Region:
City:
Longitude: -97.822
Latitude: 37.751
Currencies: USD
USN
USS
Languages: English

Web Hosting Provider

Name IP Address
Pantheon
Registration

Domain Registrant

Private Registration: No
Name:
Organization:
Country:
City:
State:
Post Code:
Email:
Phone:
Note: Registration information is derived from various sources and may be inaccurate.

Domain Registrar

Name IP Address
1API GmbH 172.67.27.156
Security

Visitor Safety

Mature Content: Not Likely
McAfee WebAdvisor Rating: Safe
WOT Rating:
WOT Trustworthiness: 94/100
WOT Child Safety: 94/100
Note: Safety information is not guaranteed.

SSL/TLS Certificate

Issued To: linux.com
Issued By: R3
Valid From: 18th September, 2022
Valid To: 17th December, 2022
Subject: CN = linux.com
Hash: 59c56dcf
Issuer: CN = R3
O = Let's Encrypt
S = US
Version: 2
Serial Number: 0x04ACA3D2EE7A9BBBD82B71EEFA746B17EF34
Serial Number (Hex): 04ACA3D2EE7A9BBBD82B71EEFA746B17EF34
Valid From: 18th September, 2024
Valid To: 17th December, 2024
Signature Algorithm (Short Name): RSA-SHA256
Signature Algorithm (Long Name): sha256WithRSAEncryption
Authority Key Identifier: keyid:14:2E:B3:17:B7:58:56:CB:AE:50:09:40:E6:1F:AF:9D:8B:14:C2:C6
Extended Key Usage: TLS Web Server Authentication, TLS Web Client Authentication
Certificate Policies: Policy: 2.23.140.1.2.1
Policy: 1.3.6.1.4.1.44947.1.1.1
CPS: http://cps.letsencrypt.org
Authority Information Access: OCSP - URI:http://r3.o.lencr.org
CA Issuers - URI:http://r3.i.lencr.org/
SCT List: Signed Certificate Timestamp:
Version : v1 (0x0)
Log ID : 46:A5:55:EB:75:FA:91:20:30:B5:A2:89:69:F4:F3:7D:
11:2C:41:74:BE:FD:49:B8:85:AB:F2:FC:70:FE:6D:47
Timestamp : Sep 19 00:18:39.863 2022 GMT
Extensions: none
Signature : ecdsa-with-SHA256
30:44:02:20:46:DC:A7:00:8E:28:01:63:00:09:8E:97:
9A:D3:95:E2:99:BA:B9:C3:36:8F:E7:4A:44:3D:C8:30:
5D:86:B6:0B:02:20:6E:D1:93:61:0B:CA:ED:1B:7C:36:
F6:79:78:F5:68:95:BA:9D:E3:F1:D0:22:DE:D9:C3:6D:
E8:E6:00:77:81:B7
Signed Certificate Timestamp:
Version : v1 (0x0)
Log ID : 41:C8:CA:B1:DF:22:46:4A:10:C6:A1:3A:09:42:87:5E:
4E:31:8B:1B:03:EB:EB:4B:C7:68:F0:90:62:96:06:F6
Timestamp : Sep 19 00:18:40.348 2022 GMT
Extensions: none
Signature : ecdsa-with-SHA256
30:46:02:21:00:FA:F8:C4:F3:69:1B:03:F6:D0:C0:AE:
65:E9:46:AE:EE:1A:2C:2C:F6:38:1A:A1:39:F9:15:68:
38:C4:D6:24:3F:02:21:00:8C:EF:5E:1D:0E:A1:FE:C1:
1D:6D:AB:37:03:C2:C7:08:A0:3E:D9:D5:94:40:5E:1D:
86:E1:4B:88:8B:A5:D3:CD
Key Usage: Digital Signature, Key Encipherment
Basic Constraints: CA:FALSE
Subject Alternative Name: DNS:www.linux.com
DNS:linux.com
Technical

DNS Lookup

HTTP Response Headers

HTTP-Code: HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Cache-Control: public, max-age=1800
Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8
Server: nginx
Date: 16th November, 2022
Connection: keep-alive
Link: <https://www.linux.com/>; rel=shortlink
Set-Cookie: *
Strict-Transport-Security: max-age=300
X-Pantheon-Styx-Hostname: styx-fe3-a-66bbb46c56-rxrk6
X-Styx-Req-Id: a6a96607-6565-11ed-81d7-ee8df2474d59
X-Served-By: cache-chi-klot8100047-CHI, cache-ewr18170-EWR
X-Cache: MISS, MISS
X-Cache-Hits: 0, 0
X-Timer: S1668572278.031411,VS0,VE914
Vary: Accept-Encoding, Cookie, Cookie
Age: 0
Accept-Ranges: bytes
Via: 1.1 varnish, 1.1 varnish

Whois Lookup

Created: 2nd June, 1994
Changed: 18th March, 2021
Expires: 1st June, 2023
Registrar: 1API GmbH
Status: clientTransferProhibited
Nameservers: ns1.dnsimple.com
ns2.dnsimple.com
ns3.dnsimple.com
ns4.dnsimple.com
Owner Name: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY
Owner Organization: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY
Owner Street: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY
Owner Post Code: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY
Owner City: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY
Owner State: CA
Owner Country: US
Owner Phone: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY
Owner Email: contact via https://www.1api.net/send-message/linux.com/registrant
Admin Name: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY
Admin Organization: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY
Admin Street: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY
Admin Post Code: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY
Admin City: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY
Admin State: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY
Admin Country: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY
Admin Phone: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY
Admin Email: contact via https://www.1api.net/send-message/linux.com/admin
Tech Name: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY
Tech Organization: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY
Tech Street: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY
Tech Post Code: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY
Tech City: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY
Tech State: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY
Tech Country: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY
Tech Phone: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY
Tech Email: contact via https://www.1api.net/send-message/linux.com/tech
Full Whois:
Domain Name: LINUX.COM
Registry Domain ID: 4245540_DOMAIN_COM-VRSN
Registrar WHOIS Server: whois.1api.net
Registrar URL: http://www.1api.net
Updated Date: 2021-03-18T16:00:32Z
Creation Date: 1994-06-02T04:00:00Z
Registrar Registration Expiration Date: 2023-06-01T04:00:00Z
Registrar: 1API GmbH
Registrar IANA ID: 1387
Registrar Abuse Contact Email: abuse@1api.net
Registrar Abuse Contact Phone: +49.68949396x850
Reseller: DNSimple https://dnsimple.com
Domain Status: clientTransferProhibited - http://www.icann.org/epp#clientTransferProhibited
Registry Registrant ID:
Registrant Name: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY
Registrant Organization: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY
Registrant Street: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY
Registrant City: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY
Registrant State/Province: CA
Registrant Postal Code: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY
Registrant Country: US
Registrant Phone: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY
Registrant Phone Ext:
Registrant Fax:
Registrant Fax Ext:
Registrant Email: contact via https://www.1api.net/send-message/linux.com/registrant
Registry Admin ID:
Admin Name: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY
Admin Organization: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY
Admin Street: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY
Admin City: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY
Admin State/Province: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY
Admin Postal Code: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY
Admin Country: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY
Admin Phone: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY
Admin Phone Ext:
Admin Fax:
Admin Fax Ext:
Admin Email: contact via https://www.1api.net/send-message/linux.com/admin
Registry Tech ID:
Tech Name: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY
Tech Organization: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY
Tech Street: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY
Tech City: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY
Tech State/Province: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY
Tech Postal Code: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY
Tech Country: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY
Tech Phone: REDACTED FOR PRIVACY
Tech Phone Ext:
Tech Fax:
Tech Fax Ext:
Tech Email: contact via https://www.1api.net/send-message/linux.com/tech
Name Server: ns1.dnsimple.com 162.159.24.4 2400:cb00:2049:0001:0000:0000:a29f:1804
Name Server: ns2.dnsimple.com 162.159.25.4 2400:cb00:2049:0001:0000:0000:a29f:1904
Name Server: ns3.dnsimple.com 162.159.26.4 2400:cb00:2049:0001:0000:0000:a29f:1a04
Name Server: ns4.dnsimple.com 162.159.27.4 2400:cb00:2049:0001:0000:0000:a29f:1b04
DNSSEC: unsigned
URL of the ICANN WHOIS Data Problem Reporting System:
http://wdprs.internic.net/
>>> Last update of WHOIS database: 2022-11-16T04:18:01Z <<<

For more information on Whois status codes, please visit https://www.icann.org/resources/pages/epp-status-codes-2014-06-16-en.

; This data is provided for information purposes, and to assist persons
; obtaining information about or related to domain name registration
; records. We do not guarantee its accuracy.
; By submitting a WHOIS query, you agree that you will use this data
; only for lawful purposes and that, under no circumstances, you will
; use this data to
; 1) allow, enable, or otherwise support the transmission of mass
; unsolicited, commercial advertising or solicitations via E-mail
; (spam); or
; 2) enable high volume, automated, electronic processes that apply
; to this WHOIS server.
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View Raw Whois

Nameservers

Name IP Address
ns1.dnsimple.com 162.159.24.4
ns2.dnsimple.com 199.247.153.53
ns3.dnsimple.com 162.159.26.4
ns4.dnsimple.com 199.247.155.53
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